Kaladgi Basin
The Kaladgi Basin evolved due to crustal extension in northern Karnataka and adjoining Maharashtra. Kaladgi basin is an E-W trending irregular basin underlain by the basement granitoids (Peninsular Gneiss and Dharwar Batholith) of the Dharwar craton in the south and east and overlain by the Deccan Traps in the north.
What are the characteristics and composition of the Kaladgi Basin?
- The basin covers an area of 8300 sq. km and is made of an older Kaladgi (Bagalkot Group) sequence and a younger Badami sequence occurring in separate sub-basinal areas, like the older Cuddapah and younger Kurnool sequences in the Cuddapah basin.
- Unlike the other Purana basins, the Kaladgi basin is not marginally deformed, as it is not spatially associated either with a mobile belt or with terrane boundaries.
- Hosts vast deposits of Limestone and Dolomites, with minor Iron Ore.
- Deformation is concentrated in the center of the basin and not at the periphery.
What evidence of life does the Kaladgi Basin contain?
- Bagalkot Group contains microstromatolites suggest early Riphean age.
- Badami Group also contains acritarchs & trace fossils that suggest the Vendian age.
Stratigraphy Of Kaladgi Basin
| Group | Subgroup | Formation (Thickness) | Composition |
| Badami Group (285) | – | Katageri Limestone (150) | Limestone, shale |
| – | Kerur Arenite (135) | Conglomerate, arenite, shale | |
| Angular Unconformity | |||
| Intrusives | – | – | Quartz veins, pegmatites, dolerite dykes |
| Bagalkot Group (2750) | Simikeri Subgroup (1150) | Hoskatti Argillite (700) | Argillite |
| Arikatti Dolomite (130) | Dolomite, hematite bed | ||
| Niralkeri Breccia (40) | Chert breccia | ||
| Kundargi Quartzite (280) | Conglomerate, quartzite, argillite | ||
| Disconformity | |||
| Lokapur Subgroup (2750) | Yadahalli Argillite (60) | Argillite | |
| Muddapur Dolomite (565) | Dolomite, limestone, argillite | ||
| Chikshellikeri Limestone (800) | Limestone, shale | ||
| Yargatti Argillite (720) | Argillite, dolomite | ||
| Mahakut Breccia (130) | Chert breccia | ||
| Saundatti Quartzite (475) | Conglomerate, quartzite, shale | ||
| Nonconformity and Angular Conformity | |||
| Gneisses/Granites and Schist Belts of Dharwar Craton | |||
Bhima Basin
What are the features and resources of the Bhima Basin?
- Bhima basin is an irregular, NE trending basin consisting dominantly of limestone, covering an area of 5200 sq. km.
- Bhima Basin is Situated to the northwest of the Cuddapah Basin and northeast of the Kaladgi Basin.
- The aggregate thickness of sediments is about 270m.
- It is Well known for its large reserves of limestone and the newly discovered uranium occurrence near Gogi.
- Sediments are practically horizontal, but disturbed along transverse faults.
Lithostratigraphy of the Bhima basin
| Bhima Group | Lithostratigraphy (Thickness) |
| Andola Subgroup (30-70 m) | Harwal Shale (5-10 m) |
| Katandeverahalli Limestone (10-40 m) | |
| Halkal Formation (15-20 m) | |
| Sedam Subgroup (65-215 m) | Shahabad Limestone (45-130 m) |
| Rabanpalli Formation (20-85 m) | |
| Disconformity | |
Tentative correlation of lithostratigraphic units of different Purana basins of Dharwar craton
| Group | Cuddapah-Kurnool | Pranhita-Godavari | Kaladgi-Badami | Bhima |
| Kurnool Group | Kundair Super Group | Sullavai/Usur Group | Badami Group | Andola Super Group |
| Jammalamadugu Super Group | Penganga Group | Sedam Super Group | ||
| Cuddapah Group | Srisailam Quartzite | Albaka/Panamaru Sst. | Simikeri Super Group | |
| Nallamalai Group | Mulug/Venkatapuram Group | |||
| Chitravati Group | Mulug/Venkatapuram Group | Lokapur Super Group | ||
| Papaghni Group | Mallampalli Group |
Kimberlites of Purana Basins
What is the most significant aspect of the igneous activity in the Purana basins?
The most significant aspect of the igneous activity in the Purana basins is the emplacement of diamondiferous and non-diamondiferous kimberlite diatremes within and close to the basins within the cratonic basement (Fareeduddin and Rao, 2007).
What are some well-known kimberlite occurrences in the Purana basins?
- Vindhyan Basin:
- Majhgawan and Hinota pipes in the Panna area (Chalapathi Rao, 2006).
- Cuddapah Basin:
- Wajrakarur and Chelima kimberlites.
What are some new discoveries of kimberlites in the Purana basins?
- West of Cuddapah Basin: New discoveries are prolific (Paul et al., 2006).
- Indravati Basin: Important new occurrences.
- Khariar Basin: Important new occurrences.
What are the age clusters of these kimberlites?
There are two age clusters around 1100 and 600 Ma, with some possibly being older.
What is the current state of research on kimberlites in the Purana basins?
There is an ongoing intensive search, which may bring to light new occurrences.
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