Distribution of Wind and Pressure over the surface of the earth In subtropical region, the northeast trade winds and southeast trade winds prevail in the northern and southern hemisphere respectively. They are separated near the equator by a zone of prevailing calms known as ‘doldrums’. However, the doldrums are frequently absent in one part or

General Circulation of the atmosphere  The simplest observed global characteristic of the atmosphere is that the tropics are much warmer than the poles. As discussed earlier, this is a straightforward consequence of the geometry of the earth. The annually averaged incoming solar radiation per unit area of the earth’s surface is much greater at the

Controls of Climate Climatic controls are the factors affecting the climate of a particular place. The most fundamental control of both weather and climate is the unequal heating and cooling of the atmosphere in different parts of the earth. While the earth as a whole loses as much heat to space as it gains from

Weather, Climate and Climatic Elements Weather is the instantaneous state of the atmosphere, or the sequence of the states of the atmosphere as time passes. The difference between climate and weather is usefully summarized by the popular phrase “Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get.” Weather and climate are meteorological terms that