Practice this free StudyHUB Medieval History mock test with 25 MCQs. This test is useful for UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Railway, and Defence Exams and covers medieval history mock test, medieval history mcq, medieval history questions. Check your score after submitting the test and review the explanations to strengthen your preparation.
Test Details
- Questions: 25
- Time: 15 minutes
- Language: Hindi
- Difficulty: Moderate
- Useful for: UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Railway, and Defence Exams
Instructions
- The countdown timer will display the remaining time.
- There are 25 multiple-choice questions in this practice test.
- Each correct answer carries +1 mark.
- Each wrong answer carries -0.33 mark.
- The test will auto-submit when the timer reaches zero.
- This is StudyHUB’s practice scoring and may differ from the official exam marking scheme.
- Review the detailed explanations after submitting the test.
[WpProQuiz_Questions]
var wpProQuizQuestions = [{“question”: “\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 750 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Dharmapala”, “\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Gopal”, “\u0926\u0947\u0935\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Devapala”, “\u092e\u0939\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Mahipala”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 (750-770 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940) \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0924\u094d\u0938\u094d\u092f\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f (\u0905\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0924\u093e) \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 400 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0907\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964 Gopal (750-770 CE) was the founder of the Pala dynasty. He was elected by the people of Bengal to end the matsyanyaya (anarchy – ‘law of fishes’). His empire extended over Bengal and Bihar. The Pala dynasty ruled this region for approximately 400 years and became the greatest patron dynasty of Buddhism.”}, {“question”: “\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940?”, “options”: [“\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Gopal”, “\u092e\u0939\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Mahipala”, “\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Dharmapala”, “\u0926\u0947\u0935\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Devapala”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 (770-810 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940) \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 107 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0914\u0930 6 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 3000 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0914\u0930 108 \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 1193 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 Dharmapala (770-810 CE) established Vikramshila University on the banks of Ganga in Bhagalpur district. It was the second largest center of Buddhist learning after Nalanda. It had 107 temples and 6 colleges. Approximately 3000 students and 108 teachers studied here. It was destroyed by Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1193 CE.”}, {“question”: “\u0938\u094b\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u092a\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0941\u0930) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u094b UNESCO \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0930 \u0939\u0948?”, “options”: [“\u0926\u0947\u0935\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Devapala”, “\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Dharmapala”, “\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Gopal”, “\u0928\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0923\u092a\u093e\u0932 / Narayanapala”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u094c\u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u092a\u0941\u0930) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 900 \u092b\u0941\u091f \u00d7 900 \u092b\u0941\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u090f\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0920 \u0925\u093e\u0964 1985 \u092e\u0947\u0902 UNESCO \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0930 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 177 \u0915\u092e\u0930\u0947 \u0914\u0930 45 \u092b\u0941\u091f \u090a\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 Dharmapala founded Somapura Mahavihara (Paharpur) in present Bangladesh’s Naogaon district. It spread over 900 ft \u00d7 900 ft and was the largest Buddhist monastery in South Asia. UNESCO declared it a World Heritage Site in 1985. It had 177 rooms and a 45-feet high central temple.”}, {“question”: “\u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 1225 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0910\u0935\u093e\u091c \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0939\u0930\u093e\u092f\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0941\u0924\u0941\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0910\u092c\u0915”, “\u0907\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0936 / Iltutmish”, “\u0930\u091c\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928”, “\u092c\u0932\u092c\u0928”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0907\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0936 (1210-1236) \u0928\u0947 1225 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0941\u0938\u093e\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0907\u0935\u093e\u091c (\u0910\u0935\u093e\u091c \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924\u092e\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u0941\u092c \u092e\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0902\u0935 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092e\u092e\u0932\u0942\u0915 (\u0917\u0941\u0932\u093e\u092e) \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Iltutmish (1210-1236) launched a military campaign in Bihar in 1225 CE and ended the independent power of Husamuddin Iwaz (Aibak Khilji). Iltutmish fully merged Bihar-Bengal into Delhi Sultanate. He completed the Qutub Minar in Delhi and strengthened the foundation of Delhi Sultanate. He is considered the most powerful sultan of the Mamluk (Slave) dynasty.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 (1205-06) \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0941\u0906?”, “options”: [“\u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f”, “\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0940\u0918\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941”, “\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f”, “\u0906\u0902\u0936\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 (1205-06) \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u092b\u0932 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0942\u091f\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u091c\u0928\u091c\u093e\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917\u092e \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0918\u0947\u0930 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 100 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u092c\u091a \u092a\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u094c\u091f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u093e\u0926 1206 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u0908\u0964 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0964 Bakhtiyar Khilji’s Tibet campaign (1205-06) was a complete failure. Hill tribes of Nepal and Bhutan badly surrounded his army in treacherous mountains and destroyed it. Bakhtiyar survived with only about 100 soldiers and returned to Bengal. Shortly after this defeat, he died in 1206. Some historians believe he was killed by one of his own commanders.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 1203 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0928 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0924\u0940?”, “options”: [“\u0922\u093e\u0915\u093e / Dhaka”, “\u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e/\u0928\u0935\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a / Nadia-Nabadwip”, “\u0917\u094c\u0921\u093c / Gauda”, “\u0938\u094b\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0917\u093e\u0901\u0935 / Sonargaon”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 1203 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0928\u0935\u0926\u094d\u0935\u0940\u092a) \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u091a\u093e\u0928\u0915 \u0927\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092c\u094b\u0932\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0947\u0928 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e\u0923\u0938\u0947\u0928 (80 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092f\u0941) \u092d\u094b\u091c\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0928\u0902\u0917\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u0935 \u0928\u093e\u0935 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0947\u0964 \u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0942\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u093f\u0930 \u0917\u094c\u0921\u093c (\u0932\u0916\u0928\u094c\u0924\u0940) \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0924 \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093f\u092e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 Bakhtiyar Khilji suddenly attacked Nadia (Nabadwip) in 1203 CE, the capital of the Sena dynasty. According to historians, the elderly Lakshmanasena (over 80 years old) fled barefoot by boat while eating. Bakhtiyar heavily plundered the capital and then captured Gauda (Lakhnauti) as well. Thus Muslim rule was established in Bengal.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 1206 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0947?”, “options”: [“\u0905\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0926\u0940\u092a\u0902\u0915\u0930”, “\u0936\u0940\u0932\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930”, “\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0941\u0932\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930”, “\u0928\u093e\u0917\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0941\u0928”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0941\u0932\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924\u0940 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0941\u0932\u093f\u092a\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u091a\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0936\u0940\u0932\u092d\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0928\u0938\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928\u093e\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0947 (7\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940)\u0964 Rahulashribhadra was the last chief of Nalanda who was present at Nalanda during Bakhtiyar Khilji’s invasion. According to Tibetan texts, he was very old and fled to Tibet. He saved some important texts and manuscripts. Shilabhadra was the chief during Xuanzang’s time (7th century).”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u094b 1324 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0917\u092f\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0928\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0926\u0947\u0935 / Nanydev”, “\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0935 / Harisimha Deva”, “\u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 / Shaktisingh”, “\u0930\u093e\u092e\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 / Ramsingh”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0939\u0930\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0926\u0947\u0935 (1295-1324) \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 1324 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0924\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0935\u0939 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u092e\u0930\u094c\u0928\u0917\u0922\u093c \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0917\u0923\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0920\u093e\u0915\u0941\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 Harisimha Deva (1295-1324) was the last important ruler of the Karnat dynasty of Mithila. He was a patron of scholars and artists. After Ghiyasuddin Tughluq’s 1324 invasion, he fled with his family to Simraongadh in Nepal. His court included Ganapati Thakur, father of Vidyapati. His flight ended the Karnat rule in Mithila.”}, {“question”: “\u0905\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e 1298 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906?”, “options”: [“\u092e\u0917\u0927 / Magadha”, “\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 (\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e) / Tirhut”, “\u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e\u0930\u0923 / Champaran”, “\u0936\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 / Shahabad”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0905\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 (1296-1316) \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1298 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 (\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0927-\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u0940\u0928 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u0942\u0932\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0939 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964 During Alauddin Khilji’s reign (1296-1316), a campaign against Tirhut (Mithila) took place in 1298 CE. This region was under semi-independent Karnat rulers. Alauddin collected heavy taxes from here but did not completely end the Karnat rule. Alauddin Khilji also implemented market control policy and military reforms.”}, {“question”: “\u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0924\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915 (1351-1388) \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e”, “\u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e”, “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0908 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908”, “\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0940”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0924\u0941\u0917\u0932\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u091a\u0947-\u0916\u0941\u091a\u0947 \u0905\u0935\u0936\u0947\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0905\u092d\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u091a\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930\u094b\u091c \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u092d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 300 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u0939\u0930\u0947\u0902, 150 \u0915\u0941\u090f\u0902 \u0914\u0930 100 \u0938\u0930\u093e\u092f\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u092e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0908\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0942 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 Firoz Shah Tughluq tried to destroy the remaining ruins of Nalanda. In the 14th century, he launched a Mithila campaign and imposed heavy taxes on Tirhut. Firoz Shah built over 300 canals, 150 wells and 100 sarais across the country but adopted a repressive policy towards Bihar. He also damaged Hindu temples.”}, {“question”: “\u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 (1517-1526) \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0916\u093e\u0928 (\u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u0940) / Farid Khan”, “\u0926\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0941\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940”, “\u092e\u0941\u0939\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0926 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940”, “\u0924\u093e\u091c \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940”], “answerIdx”: 0, “explanation”: “\u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0916\u093e\u0928 (\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u0940) \u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092d\u0930 \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0938\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0942\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0916\u0935\u093e\u0938\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0940\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092b\u0930\u0940\u0926 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0939\u093e\u0928\u0940 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930) \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 ‘\u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928’ \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u093f \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u093f\u092e \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0924 (1526) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 Farid Khan (later Sher Shah Suri) was rapidly rising in Bihar during Ibrahim Lodi’s reign. His father Hasan Khan Sur was a jagirdar in Sasaram and Khawaspur areas of Bihar. Farid served in the court of Bahar Khan Lohani (Afghan governor of Bihar) and earned the title ‘Sher Khan’. Ibrahim Lodi lost to Babur at Panipat (1526) which led to the establishment of the Mughal Empire.”}, {“question”: “\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 (1489-1517) \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f?”, “options”: [“\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e”, “1494 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e\u092f\u093e”, “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e”, “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u092b \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 (1489-1517) \u0928\u0947 1494 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0926\u094c\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 ‘\u0917\u091c-\u090f-\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930\u0940’ (\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u092e\u093e\u092a \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0915\u093e\u0908) \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0917\u0930\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092c\u0938\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0932\u094b\u0926\u0940 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0917\u0941\u0932\u0930\u0942\u0916\u0940’ \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 Sikandar Lodi (1489-1517) personally toured Bihar in 1494 and established Delhi’s direct control over local Afghan chiefs. He was an efficient administrator who introduced ‘Gaz-e-Sikandari’ (unit of land measurement). He also founded the city of Agra. Sikandar Lodi composed Hindi poetry under the pen name ‘Gulrukhi’.”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0930\u093e (Saltpeter) \u0915\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0940 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u2014 \u091a\u093e\u092f \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f”, “\u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c, \u0921\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u2014 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0942\u0926 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0917\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u2014 \u092e\u0938\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0921\u091a \u2014 \u0915\u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0915\u0930 \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u0936\u094b\u0930\u093e (Saltpeter/\u092a\u094b\u091f\u0947\u0936\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0928\u093e\u0907\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f) \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0915 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0936\u094b\u0930\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0942\u0926 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0925\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936, \u0921\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091a \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0925\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0930\u093e \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0947\u0936\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0947\u091c\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 During Mughal period, Bihar (especially Patna and surrounding area) was the world’s major producer of Saltpeter (Potassium Nitrate). Saltpeter was the main ingredient for making gunpowder so it was extremely important strategically. All three – British, Dutch and French East India Companies had factories in Bihar. Saltpeter from Bihar was sent to European countries.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u0939\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930\u0940 (1263-1381) \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947?”, “options”: [“\u091a\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0924\u0940 / Chishti”, “\u0928\u0915\u094d\u0936\u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 / Naqshbandi”, “\u092b\u093f\u0930\u0926\u094c\u0938\u0940 / Firdausi”, “\u0938\u0941\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 / Suhrawardi”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0936\u0947\u0916 \u0936\u0930\u094d\u092b\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0940\u0928 \u092f\u0939\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u092b\u093f\u0930\u0926\u094c\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0942\u092b\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092b\u093f\u0930\u0926\u094c\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u0938\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u2014 \u092f\u0939 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0936\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0928\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930\u0936\u0930\u0940\u092b \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0924\u0915 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e ‘\u092e\u0915\u0924\u0942\u092c\u093e\u0924-\u090f-\u0938\u0926\u0940’ (100 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u0914\u0930 ‘\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0924\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u0942\u092c’ (\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f) \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 ‘\u092e\u0916\u0926\u0942\u092e-\u090f-\u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901’ (\u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941) \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u0927\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947\u0964 Sheikh Sharfuddin Yahya Maneri was a Sufi saint of the Firdausi silsila. The Firdausi silsila was prevalent in India only in the Bihar region \u2014 this is its distinctive feature. Sheikh Maneri practiced meditation for a long time in Bihar Sharif. His works ‘Maktubat-e-Sadi’ (100 letters) and ‘Rahat-ul-Quloob’ (Peace of the Heart) are very famous. He was honored with the title ‘Makhdum-e-Jahan’ (Master of the World).”}, {“question”: “\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f (1352-1448) \u0915\u094b ‘\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0915\u093f\u0932’ \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0947?”, “options”: [“\u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u2014 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u091c\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923”, “\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0935\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u2014 \u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e-\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0915\u093e\u0935\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923”, “\u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0915\u0947 \u2014 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923”, “\u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0932\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u2014 \u092b\u093e\u0930\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0936\u093f\u0935\u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 (\u0913\u0907\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0902\u0936) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932 \u0915\u094b\u0915\u093f\u0932’ (\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094b\u092f\u0932) \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0935\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0926\u094d\u092d\u0941\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 ‘\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0935\u0932\u0940’ \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u0927\u093e-\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e \u0932\u0940\u0932\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0940 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924, \u0905\u0935\u0939\u091f\u094d\u091f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u0940\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0937\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0915\u0940\u0902\u0964 Vidyapati was the beloved court poet of King Shiva Singh of Mithila (Oinwar dynasty). He is called ‘Maithil Kokil’ (Nightingale of Mithila) because his Maithili poetry has a wonderful combination of music and emotions. His ‘Padavali’ contains a heart-touching description of Radha-Krishna’s love. He composed in all three languages \u2014 Sanskrit, Avahatta and Maithili.”}, {“question”: “\u0914\u0930\u0902\u0917\u091c\u0947\u092c \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 (1707) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u093e \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0938\u0906\u0926\u0924 \u0916\u093e\u0928 (\u0905\u0935\u0927)”, “\u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 (1740-1756)”, “\u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e”, “\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 (1740-1756) \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 1742 \u0938\u0947 1751 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0918\u0941\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u094c\u0925 (\u0915\u0930) \u0926\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094c\u0939\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0940) \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964 Alivardi Khan (1740-1756) was the powerful Nawab of Bengal-Bihar-Odisha. He successfully resisted the attacks of Maratha general Raghoji Bhonsle between 1742-1751, though he had to pay heavy Chauth (tribute). He had effective administrative control over Bihar. After Alivardi Khan’s death, his grandson Sirajuddaula became Nawab.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1764) \u0915\u093f\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0923\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c \u2014 \u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0924”, “\u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e + \u0936\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e + \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0906\u0932\u092e II \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u2014 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0924”, “\u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c \u2014 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u0940\u0924”, “\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091c \u2014 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1764) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0925\u093e \u2014 \u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e (\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c), \u0936\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e (\u0905\u0935\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c) \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0906\u0932\u092e II \u2014 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u092c\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094b \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0915\u093e\u092c\u0932\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f \u0939\u0941\u0908\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 Battle of Buxar (October 22, 1764) had a coalition of three Indian powers \u2014 Mir Qasim (Nawab of Bengal), Shuja-ud-Daula (Nawab of Awadh) and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II \u2014 all fighting against Major Hector Munro’s British army. British won decisively. This battle was fought at Buxar (Bihar). It is considered even more decisive than Plassey.”}, {“question”: “1765 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0907\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f’ \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928”, “\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0940 (\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u2014 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c”, “\u092a\u0942\u0930\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “1765 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0939\u0924 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091f \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0906\u0932\u092e II \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 ‘\u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0940’ (\u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0938\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930) \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u0917\u0947\u0964 \u0928\u093f\u091c\u093e\u092e\u0924 (\u0938\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f) \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0930\u0939\u0940\u0964 ‘\u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930’ \u0915\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938 \u0928\u0947 1772 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0925\u093e\u0964 In 1765, Lord Clive obtained the ‘Diwani’ (right to collect land revenue) of Bengal-Bihar-Odisha from Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II through the Treaty of Allahabad. This gave the Company crores of rupees annually. Nizamat (military and judicial power) remained with the Nawab. Warren Hastings reformed this ‘Dual Government’ system in 1772. This was the greatest turning point of British imperialism.”}, {“question”: “1742 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u093e \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0926\u0940?”, “options”: [“\u092a\u0947\u0936\u0935\u093e \u092c\u093e\u091c\u0940\u0930\u093e\u0935 I \u0928\u0947 \u2014 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917\u0940”, “\u0930\u0918\u0941\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u2014 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u091a\u094c\u0925 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0940”, “\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0926\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u2014 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0906\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u092a\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e”, “\u0939\u094b\u0932\u094d\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u2014 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0926\u0926 \u092e\u093e\u0901\u0917\u0940”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “1742 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u093e \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f \u0930\u0918\u0941\u091c\u0940 \u092d\u094b\u0902\u0938\u0932\u0947 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0932\u0942\u091f \u0915\u0940\u0964 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0939\u0938\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0930\u0939\u0947\u0964 1751 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u0940\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0914\u0930 1.2 \u0915\u0930\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0930\u0941\u092a\u092f\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u091a\u094c\u0925 \u0926\u0947\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u0939\u092e\u0924\u093f \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0964 \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u093e \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0941\u0915\u0938\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 In 1742, Maratha general Raghoji Bhonsle attacked Bihar and Bengal and plundered heavily. Alivardi Khan courageously resisted but Marathas kept attacking repeatedly. In the 1751 treaty, Alivardi Khan agreed to give part of Odisha and Chauth of 1.2 crore rupees. Maratha invasions caused heavy damage to Bihar’s economy.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (1764) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0930\u0949\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0935”, “\u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094b / Major Hector Munro”, “\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0947\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0938”, “\u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0935\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0938”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (22 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 1764) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0928\u0947\u0924\u0943\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092e\u0947\u091c\u0930 \u0939\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094b \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0938\u093f\u092e, \u0936\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u0906\u0932\u092e II \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0930\u0949\u092c\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (1757) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0915\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0935 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f (1765) \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0908\u0964 Major Hector Munro led the British army in the Battle of Buxar (October 22, 1764). He defeated the combined army of Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-Daula and Shah Alam II. Robert Clive was the hero of Battle of Plassey (1757). Later, Lord Clive played an important role in negotiating the Treaty of Allahabad (1765).”}, {“question”: “1773 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u092c \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0941\u0906?”, “options”: [“\u092c\u0949\u092e\u094d\u092c\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u2014 1905 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0941\u0906”, “\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u2014 1912 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u094b\u0915\u0930 ‘\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e’ \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u092c\u0928\u093e”, “\u092e\u0926\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u2014 1920 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0939\u0941\u0906”, “\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u2014 \u0938\u0940\u0927\u0947 \u0926\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “1773 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0947\u0917\u094d\u092f\u0941\u0932\u0947\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u090f\u0915\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0930-\u091c\u0928\u0930\u0932 \u0915\u0932\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f\u0964 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 1912 \u0924\u0915 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0938\u0940\u0921\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964 1912 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u091c\u0928 (1905) \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0928\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0920\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 ‘\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e’ \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0940\u0964 After the Regulating Act of 1773, Bihar became part of Bengal Presidency and Governor-Generals were appointed at Calcutta. Bihar remained part of Bengal Presidency until 1912. In 1912, during reorganization after Bengal Partition (1905), Bihar and Odisha were combined to form a separate province ‘Bihar and Odisha’ with Patna as capital.”}, {“question”: “1757 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902”, “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u0903 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u2014 1765 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940”, “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0939\u094b \u0917\u092f\u093e”, “\u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (23 \u091c\u0942\u0928 1757) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094c\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u0940\u0930 \u091c\u093e\u092b\u0930 \u0928\u0935\u093e\u092c \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u093e \u091c\u094b \u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947-\u0927\u0940\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0964 1764 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0915\u094d\u0938\u0930 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 1765 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932-\u0909\u0921\u093c\u0940\u0938\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0941\u0930\u0942 \u0939\u0941\u0908 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 After the defeat and death of Sirajuddaula in Battle of Plassey (June 23, 1757), Mir Jafar became Nawab. This increased British political influence in Bengal which gradually spread to Bihar. After Battle of Buxar (1764) and Treaty of Allahabad (1765), the Diwani of Bihar-Bengal-Odisha was given to the Company. Thus the process started at Plassey brought Bihar under British control.”}, {“question”: “‘\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0932\u092e’ (Patna Kalam/Company School of Painting) \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u0906?”, “options”: [“\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e”, “18\u0935\u0940\u0902-19\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0932\u093e”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0932\u093e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “‘\u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0932\u092e’ (Company School of Painting) 18\u0935\u0940\u0902-19\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u091f \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u0932\u0918\u0941\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0942\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940\u092f \u092f\u0925\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u0936\u0948\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0942\u0920\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0947 \u0909\u092d\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0936 \u0908\u0938\u094d\u091f \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0902\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928, \u0932\u094b\u0917, \u092a\u0947\u0936\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u092e, \u092f\u093e\u0938\u0940\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0928, \u0936\u093f\u0935 \u0926\u092f\u093e\u0932 \u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964 ‘Patna Kalam’ (Company School of Painting) is a distinctive painting style developed in Patna in the 18th-19th centuries. It emerged from a unique blend of Mughal miniature tradition and European realistic style. Paintings of Indian life, people, professions and nature were made for British East India Company officials. Sevak Ram, Yasin Khan, Shiva Dayal Lal were major painters of this tradition.”}, {“question”: “\u091a\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 (14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092f\u094b\u0917\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u091c\u0940\u0924\u0940”, “\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’, ‘\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’ \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0908”, “\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938\u094d\u0932\u093e\u092e \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u092f\u093e”, “\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092a\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0924 \u091a\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 (14\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0938\u0926\u0940, \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e) \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0947\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u092e\u0948\u0925\u093f\u0932 \u092c\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0939\u094d\u092e\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0939\u093f\u0924\u093e \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u2014 ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’ (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930), ‘\u0938\u094d\u092e\u0943\u0924\u093f-\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’, ‘\u0915\u0943\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’, ‘\u0935\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0926-\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’ (\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928), ‘\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0930\u0924\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0915\u0930’\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915-\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0915 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092d \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0902\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 Pandit Chandesvara (14th century, Mithila) wrote numerous important dharmashastra texts that became the codified rules for Maithil Brahmin society. Major works include: ‘Rajaniti-Ratnakar’ (Political Science), ‘Smriti-Ratnakar’, ‘Krityaratnakar’, ‘Vivada-Ratnakar’ (Law), ‘Vyavahara-Ratnakar’. These texts became regulators of Mithila’s socio-religious life and are still reference texts for Mithila law.”}, {“question”: “\u0918\u093e\u0918\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (1529) \u0915\u093f\u0928-\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0925\u093e?”, “options”: [“\u092e\u0941\u0917\u0932 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092e\u0930\u093e\u0920\u0947 \u2014 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902”, “\u092c\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930 + \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0924 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u2014 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e”, “\u0905\u0915\u092c\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0939\u0947\u092e\u0942 \u2014 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092a\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902”, “\u0939\u0941\u092e\u093e\u092f\u0942\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u092e \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928 \u2014 \u091a\u094c\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0918\u093e\u0918\u0930\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 (6 \u092e\u0908 1529) \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930-\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092b\u0917\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0917\u0920\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 (\u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0941\u0938\u0930\u0924 \u0936\u093e\u0939 \u092d\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0925\u093e) \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u092c\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0935\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0924\u094b\u092a \u0930\u0916\u0915\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u093e\u0908 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u094b \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u0928\u0908 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0925\u0940\u0964 Battle of Ghaghra (May 6, 1529) was fought on the Bihar-Uttar Pradesh border. Babur defeated the coalition of Afghan chiefs of Bihar (which included Sultan Nusrat Shah of Bengal). This was Babur’s last major battle in India. In this battle, Babur placed cannons on boats and fought in the river, which was a new battle technique in India.”}]; {“@context”: “https://schema.org”, “@graph”: [{“@type”: “Quiz”, “name”: “Medieval History Mock Test”, “description”: “Take this free Medieval History mock test with 25 MCQs and detailed answers.”, “about”: {“@type”: “Thing”, “name”: “Medieval History”}, “educationalLevel”: “Intermediate”, “educationalUse”: “Mock Test”, “learningResourceType”: “Quiz”, “inLanguage”: “hi-IN”, “isAccessibleForFree”: true, “author”: {“@type”: “Organization”, “name”: “StudyHUB”, “url”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}, “publisher”: {“@type”: “Organization”, “name”: “StudyHUB”, “url”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}}, {“@type”: “BreadcrumbList”, “itemListElement”: [{“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 1, “name”: “Home”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}, {“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 2, “name”: “Quizzes”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in/quiz/”}, {“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 3, “name”: “Medieval History”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in/quiz/medieval-history/”}]}]}No schema found.