Consider the following statements:

1. A water molecule is formed when two atoms of hydrogen bond covalently with an atom of oxygen.

2. The oxygen atom attracts the electrons more strongly than the hydrogen, this gives water an asymmetrical distribution of charge.

3. Molecules that have ended with partial negative and positive charges are known as polar molecules.

Which of the above statement is/are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2, and 3
1, 2, and 3

Correct Answer: 1, 2, and 3

Key Points

  • A water molecule (H2O) consists of two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom.
  • The oxygen atom has a higher electronegativity than hydrogen, which leads to an unequal sharing of electrons.
  • This unequal sharing results in a dipole moment, making water a polar molecule with partial negative and positive charges.
  • Polar molecules have distinct regions of positive and negative charge, which influence their interactions with other substances.

Why Other Options Are Wrong

  • Option 1 (1 and 2 only) is incorrect because it omits statement 3, which is also true.
  • Option 2 (2 and 3 only) is incorrect as it excludes statement 1, which is fundamental to understanding the structure of water.
  • Option 3 (1 and 3 only) fails to include statement 2, which is crucial for explaining the polarity of the water molecule.

Quick Tip for Exam

When studying molecular structures, always consider the electronegativity of the atoms involved, as it plays a critical role in determining molecular polarity and behavior.

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