What is Article 395 of Indian Constitution – Defination & Meaning
Article 395: Repeals The Indian Independence Act, 1947, and the Government of India Act, 1935, together with all enactments amending or supplementing the
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Article 209 of the Indian Constitution provides state legislatures with the authority to regulate their own procedures regarding financial business. This means that each state can establish rules for how financial matters, such as the appropriation of funds, are handled in their legislative assemblies. By allowing states to create laws concerning their financial procedures, Article 209 ensures that the legislative process is efficient and timely, especially when it comes to issues of funding and budgetary allocations. This regulation is key for maintaining a smooth functioning of government operations. The article emphasizes that if any law created under Article 209 conflicts with existing rules or standing orders of the state legislature, the provisions of the new law will take precedence. This ensures that the state can adapt its procedures as needed without being hampered by older regulations that may not serve current needs. However, it also requires that state legislatures are cautious and responsible in their law-making processes to ensure transparency and accountability in financial matters. This article affects various stakeholders, including state governments, citizens, and financial institutions. For example, when a state government needs to pass a budget or allocate funds for welfare programs, Article 209 allows them to streamline the process. By having clear rules in place, it can lead to faster implementation of necessary services like education, healthcare, and infrastructure development. Ultimately, this article enhances the legislative framework within which financial decisions are made, promoting effective governance at the state level.
Article 209 was included in the Indian Constitution when it was adopted in 1950. During the Constituent Assembly debates, the importance of state autonomy in financial governance was emphasized as a means to promote effective administration. Delegates discussed the need for states to manage their finances independently to cater to local needs. There have been no amendments to this article, indicating its acceptance and stability in the constitutional framework. The Supreme Court has also reinforced the relevance of Article 209 in various cases, highlighting its role in maintaining the balance of power between the Centre and the states.
Which of the following statements about Article 209 of the Indian Constitution is correct? A) It only applies to financial matters at the national level, limiting state autonomy. B) It allows state legislatures to regulate their financial business procedures independently. C) It has undergone several amendments since its inception. D) It is applicable only to union territories and not to states. Choose the correct option and provide a detailed explanation for your choice, including the implications of each option.
The correct answer is B. Article 209 empowers state legislatures to independently establish their own procedures regarding financial business, ensuring efficient governance. Options A and D are incorrect as they misinterpret the scope of the article. Option C is also wrong as Article 209 has not been amended since 1950.
Article 209 allows state legislatures to create their own rules for handling financial matters. This autonomy is necessary for timely and efficient budget preparations and approvals. For example, if a state needs to respond quickly to a natural disaster, it can pass budgetary provisions swiftly without waiting for central approval. This flexibility enhances governance at the state level, making it more responsive to local needs.
Article 209 provides states with the authority to manage their financial processes effectively. This allows states to design procedures to appropriate funds quickly and efficiently for various projects. For instance, a state can expedite funding for infrastructure development or welfare schemes, leading to better service delivery. It also fosters accountability, as state legislatures must adhere to their own established financial regulations.
In such cases, the provisions of the law made under Article 209 will take precedence. This allows states the necessary flexibility to implement new procedures without delays caused by outdated regulations. For example, if a state legislature finds its old rules are hindering urgent financial decisions, it can create new laws that override those previous regulations, ensuring timely governance.
Article 395: Repeals The Indian Independence Act, 1947, and the Government of India Act, 1935, together with all enactments amending or supplementing the
Article 394: Commencement This article and articles 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 60, 324, 366, 367, 379, 380, 388, 391, 392 and 393 shall come into force at once, and the
Article 394A: Authoritative text in the Hindi language (1) The President shall cause to be published under his authority,— (a) the translation of this
Article 392: Power of the President to remove difficulties (1) The President may, for the purpose of removing any difficulties, particularly in relation to
Article 393: Short title This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.
Article 390: Money received or raised or expenditure incurred between the commencement of the Constitution and the 31st day of March, 1950 Omitted by the
Article 391: Power of the President to amend the First and Fourth Schedules in certain contingencies Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act,
Article 388: Provisions as to the filling of casual vacancies in the provisional Parliament and provisional Legislatures of the States Omitted by the
Article 389: Provision as to Bills pending in the Dominion Legislatures and in the Legislatures of Provinces and Indian States Omitted by the Constitution
Article 386: Council of Ministers for States in Part B of the First Schedule Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f.
Article 387: Special provision as to determination of population for the purposes of certain elections Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act,
Article 384: Council of Ministers of the Governors Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
Article 385: Provision as to provisional Legislatures in States in Part B of the First Schedule Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s.
Article 382:Provisions as to provisional Legislatures for States in Part A of the First Schedule Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s.
Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
Article 381: Council of Ministers of the President Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
Article 380: Provision as to President Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s. 29 and Sch. (w.e.f. 1-11-1956).
Article 378A: Special provision as to duration of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Notwithstanding anything contained in article 172, the Legislative
Article 379: Provisions as to provisional Parliament and the Speaker and Deputy Speaker thereof Omitted by the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act, 1956, s.
Article 377: Provisions as to Comptroller and Auditor-General of India The Auditor-General of India holding office immediately before the commencement of this
Article 378: Provisions as to Public Service Commissions (1) The members of the Public Service Commission for the Dominion of India holding office immediately
Article 375: Courts, authorities and officers to continue to function subject to the provisions of the Constitution All courts of civil, criminal and revenue
Article 376: Provisions as to Judges of High Courts (1) Notwithstanding anything in clause (2) of article 217, the Judges of a High Court in any Province
Article 373: Power of President to make order in respect of persons under preventive detention in certain cases Until provision is made by Parliament under
Article 374: Provisions as to Judges of the Federal Court and proceedings pending in the Federal Court or before His Majesty in Council (1) The Judges of the
Article 372: Continuance in force of existing laws and their adaptation (1) Notwithstanding the repeal by this Constitution of the enactments referred to in
Article 372A: Power of the President to adapt laws. (1) For the purposes of bringing the provisions of any law in force in India or in any part thereof,
Article 371I: Special provision with respect to the State of Goa Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, the Legislative Assembly of the State of Goa
Article 371J: Special provisions with respect to the State of Karnataka (1) The President may, by order made with respect to the State of Karnataka, provide
Article 371G: Special provision with respect to the State of Mizoram Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,— (a) no Act of Parliament in respect of—
Article 371H: Special provision with respect to the State of Arunachal Pradesh Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,— (a) the Governor of Arunachal
Article 371F: Special provisions with respect to the State of Sikkim Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,— (a) the Legislative Assembly of the State
Article 371E: Establishment of Central University in Andhra Pradesh Parliament may by law provide for the establishment of a University in the State of Andhra
Explanation.—In this article, the expression “Hill Areas” means such areas as the President may, by order, declare to be Hill areas.
Article 371D: Special provisions with respect to the State of Andhra Pradesh or the State of Telangana (1) The President may by order made with respect to the
Article 371A: Special provision with respect to the State of Nagaland (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,— (a) no Act of Parliament in respect
Article 371B: Special provision with respect to the State of Assam Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, the President may, by order made with
Article 370: Temporary provisions with respect to the State of Jammu and Kashmir (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution,— (a) the provisions of
Article 371: Special provision with respect to the States of Maharashtra and Gujarat (2) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, the President may by
Article 368: Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and procedure therefor (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, Parliament may in
Article 369: Temporary power to Parliament to make laws with respect to certain matters in the State List as if they were matters in the Concurrent List
Article 366: Definitions In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise requires, the followingexpressions have the meanings hereby respectively assigned
Article 367: Interpretation (1) Unless the context otherwise requires, the General Clauses Act, 1897, shall, subject to any adaptations and modifications that
Article 364: Special provisions as to major ports and aerodromes (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution, the President may by public notification
Article 365: Effect of failure to comply with, or to give effect to, directions given by the Union Where any State has failed to comply with, or to give
Article 363: Bar to interference by courts in disputes arising out of certain treaties, agreements, etc. (1) Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution but
Article 363A: Recognition granted to Rulers of Indian States to cease and privy purses to be abolished Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution or in any
Article 362: Rights and privileges of Rulers of Indian States Omitted by the Constitution (Twenty-sixth Amendment)Act, 1971, s. 2 (w.e.f. 28-12-1971).
Article 361B: Disqualification for appointment on remunerative political post A member of a House belonging to any political party who is disqualified for
Article 361: Protection of President and Governors and Rajpramukhs (1) The President, or the Governor or Rajpramukh of a State, shall not be answerable to any