Ancient History Mock Test – Part 2

Practice this free StudyHUB Ancient History mock test with 25 MCQs. This test is useful for UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Railway, and Defence Exams and covers ancient history mcq. Check your score after submitting the test and review the explanations to strengthen your preparation.

Test Details

• Questions: 25
• Time: 15 minutes
• Language: Hindi
• Difficulty: Moderate
• Useful for: UPSC, SSC, State PSC, Railway, and Defence Exams

Instructions

• The countdown timer will display the remaining time.
• There are 25 multiple-choice questions in this practice test.
• Each correct answer carries +1 mark.
• Each wrong answer carries -0.33 mark.
• The test will auto-submit when the timer reaches zero.
• This is StudyHUB’s practice scoring and may differ from the official exam marking scheme.
• Review the detailed explanations after submitting the test.

[WpProQuiz_Questions]

var wpProQuizQuestions = [{“question”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 ‘\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930’ \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 ‘\u0937\u093e\u0921\u094d\u0917\u0941\u0923\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f’ \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902? / How many and what elements are there in the ‘Shadgunya Niti’ described in Kautilya’s ‘Arthashastra’?”, “options”: [“4 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 – \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f, \u0935\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939, \u092f\u093e\u0928, \u0906\u0938\u0928 / 4 elements – Sandhi, Vigraha, Yana, Asana”, “6 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 – \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f, \u0935\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939, \u092f\u093e\u0928, \u0906\u0938\u0928, \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0948\u0927\u0940\u092d\u093e\u0935, \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092f / 6 elements – Sandhi, Vigraha, Yana, Asana, Dvaidhibhava, Samshraya”, “7 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 – \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e, \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926, \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u0915\u094b\u0936, \u0926\u0902\u0921, \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 / 7 elements – Raja, Mantri, Janapada, Durga, Kosha, Danda, Mitra”, “3 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 – \u0938\u093e\u092e, \u0926\u093e\u092e, \u0926\u0902\u0921 / 3 elements – Sama, Dama, Danda”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0937\u093e\u0921\u094d\u0917\u0941\u0923\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (\u091b\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f) \u092e\u0947\u0902 6 \u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0939\u0948\u0902: (1) \u0938\u0902\u0927\u093f – \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e, (2) \u0935\u093f\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 – \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927, (3) \u092f\u093e\u0928 – \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0942\u091a, (4) \u0906\u0938\u0928 – \u0924\u091f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0924\u093e, (5) \u0926\u094d\u0935\u0948\u0927\u0940\u092d\u093e\u0935 – \u0926\u094b\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f (\u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927), (6) \u0938\u0902\u0936\u094d\u0930\u092f – \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0930\u0923 \u0932\u0947\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0906\u091c \u092d\u0940 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u0902\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 / The Shadgunya Niti (six types of foreign policy) described in Kautilya’s Arthashastra has 6 elements: (1) Sandhi – peace treaty, (2) Vigraha – war, (3) Yana – march to attack, (4) Asana – neutrality, (5) Dvaidhibhava – dual policy (friendship with one, war with another), (6) Samshraya – seeking shelter of a powerful king. This policy is still considered relevant in international relations.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0939\u0948? / What is the best example of Gupta period temple architecture in Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930, \u092c\u094b\u0927\u0917\u092f\u093e / Mahabodhi Temple, Bodh Gaya”, “\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941\u092a\u0926 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930, \u0917\u092f\u093e / Vishnupad Temple, Gaya”, “\u0926\u0947\u0935\u0915\u0941\u0932\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930, \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e / Devakuli Temple, Nalanda”, “\u092e\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930, \u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938 / Mundeshwari Temple, Rohtas”], “answerIdx”: 3, “explanation”: “\u092e\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 (\u0915\u0948\u092e\u0942\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u0930\u094b\u0939\u0924\u093e\u0938, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0942 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0924\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 4\u0925\u0940-5\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 CE \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0915\u094b\u0923\u0940\u092f (octagonal) \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0932\u092d \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0936\u093f\u0935, \u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0941 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0942\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 (ASI) \u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Mundeshwari Temple (Kaimur district, Rohtas, Bihar) is one of India’s oldest Hindu temples and an excellent example of Gupta period architecture. It dates to the 4th-5th century CE. It is built in an octagonal structure which is rare. It has statues of Shiva, Vishnu and Surya. It has been protected by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).”}, {“question”: “\u091a\u093e\u0923\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 ‘\u0938\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924’ \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902? / What are the seven elements of ‘Saptanga Theory’ described in Chanakya’s Arthashastra?”, “options”: [“\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e, \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u0915\u094b\u0936, \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930, \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941 / Raja, Praja, Sena, Kosha, Mantri, Mitra, Shatru”, “\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e, \u0905\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092f, \u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926, \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917, \u0915\u094b\u0936, \u0926\u0902\u0921, \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 / Raja, Amatya, Janapada, Durga, Kosha, Danda, Mitra”, “\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e, \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e, \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e, \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925, \u0915\u093e\u092e, \u092e\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0937 / Raja, Sena, Praja, Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha”, “\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e, \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940, \u092a\u0941\u0930\u094b\u0939\u093f\u0924, \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f, \u0926\u0942\u0924, \u0915\u094b\u0936, \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091c\u093e / Raja, Mantri, Purohit, Senapati, Duta, Kosha, Praja”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u092a\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0917 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0924 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0902: (1) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e – \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940, (2) \u0905\u092e\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092f – \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940/\u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, (3) \u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 – \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e, (4) \u0926\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917 – \u0915\u093f\u0932\u093e/\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940, (5) \u0915\u094b\u0936 – \u0916\u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e, (6) \u0926\u0902\u0921 – \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, (7) \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 – \u092e\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u0935 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u0924\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 / The seven elements of the Saptanga Theory described in Kautilya’s Arthashastra are: (1) Raja – sovereign, (2) Amatya – minister/officials, (3) Janapada – territory and people, (4) Durga – fort/capital, (5) Kosha – treasury, (6) Danda – army, (7) Mitra – allied states. Without all seven, the existence of a state is not possible. This was the basis of ancient India’s political thought.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 (\u0905\u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091c\u0947\u0902\u0921\u0930) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e? \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0941\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0939\u0948? / At which place did Alexander’s army refuse to advance at the Beas river? How is this connected to Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e / Alexander had reached Bihar and conquered Pataliputra”, “\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0921\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0941\u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0940 / Alexander’s army stopped due to fear of Nanda Empire’s vast army whose capital was Pataliputra”, “\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u092a\u0938 \u0917\u092f\u093e / Alexander returned from Bihar”, “\u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e / Alexander did not attack Bihar”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “326 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 (Beas/Hyphasis) \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0930\u0941\u0915 \u0917\u0908 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0917\u0947 \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u093e \u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0921\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0902\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0938 200,000 \u092a\u0948\u0926\u0932 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e, 20,000 \u0918\u0941\u0921\u093c\u0938\u0935\u093e\u0930, 2,000 \u0930\u0925 \u0914\u0930 3,000-4,000 \u0939\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0915\u092d\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u0928\u0902\u0926 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0964 / In 326 BCE, Alexander’s army stopped at the Beas (Hyphasis) river and refused to advance further. The main reason was fear of the vast and powerful army of the Nanda Empire whose capital was Pataliputra (Bihar). According to Greek sources, the Nandas had 200,000 infantry, 20,000 cavalry, 2,000 chariots and 3,000-4,000 elephants. Alexander never reached Bihar but the Nanda Empire stopped him.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f’ \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940? / Which Pala king established ‘Vikramshila University’ in Bihar and why?”, “options”: [“\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947, \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f / Gopala, for Buddhist education”, “\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947, \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f / Dharmapala, for study of Tantric Buddhism”, “\u0926\u0947\u0935\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947, \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f / Devapala, for Vedic education”, “\u092e\u0939\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947, \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f / Mahipala, for military education”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 (770-810 CE) \u0928\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e (Vajrayana Buddhism) \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928-\u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 160 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0905\u0924\u0940\u0936 \u0926\u0940\u092a\u0902\u0915\u0930 (Dipankar Shrijnana) \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0906\u091a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u093f\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 1203 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0916\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0916\u093f\u0932\u091c\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 / Vikramshila University was established by Pala dynasty king Dharmapala (770-810 CE) at Bhagalpur (Bihar) for the study and teaching of Tantric Buddhism (Vajrayana Buddhism). It was the second largest center of Buddhist education after Nalanda. It had more than 160 teachers. The famous Buddhist scholar Atish Dipankar (Dipankar Shrijnana) was its chief teacher who propagated Buddhism in Tibet. Bakhtiyar Khilji destroyed it in 1203 CE.”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948? / Which fact about Mahavira Swami is correct?”, “options”: [“\u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e, \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 / Born at Kundgrama, Pataliputra”, “\u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0923\u094b\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f \u0925\u0947 / First disciples were daughter Anojja and son-in-law Jamali”, “\u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 30 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e / Renounced home at age 30”, “\u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092c\u094b\u0927\u0917\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 / Attained Nirvana at Bodh Gaya”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0936\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u0923\u094b\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093e (\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928\u093e) \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0926 \u091c\u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 599 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0925\u093e, \u0928 \u0915\u093f \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 30 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u092c\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093f 28 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f\u0941 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0943\u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u0915\u0941\u091b \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 30 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937)\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 (\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u092e\u0947\u0902 527 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906, \u092c\u094b\u0927\u0917\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902\u0964 / Mahavira Swami’s first disciples were his daughter Anojja (Priyadarshana) and son-in-law Jamali. Mahavira was born in Kundgrama of Vaishali (present Vaishali district, Bihar) in 599 BCE, not in Pataliputra. He renounced home at 28 years (not 30, though some sources say 30). His Nirvana occurred at Pawapuri (Bihar) in 527 BCE, not at Bodh Gaya.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092a\u093e\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940’ \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0948\u0928 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0939\u0948? / Why is ‘Pawapuri’ in Bihar so important in Jainism?”, “options”: [“\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0939\u0941\u0906 / Mahavira was born here”, “\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u091c\u0948\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0941\u0908 / First Jain Council was held here”, “\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 / Mahavira attained Nirvana here and its soil is considered sacred”, “\u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u092d\u0940 24 \u0924\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0902\u0915\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948\u0902 / All 24 Tirthankaras’ statues are here”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u092a\u093e\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 (\u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u091c\u0948\u0928\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0940\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 527 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0907\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0909\u0920\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u090f\u0915 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u091c\u0932\u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930’ \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u093e\u0932\u093e\u092c \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0940\u091a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e\u0930\u092e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0935\u093e\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093e ‘\u091c\u0932\u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930’ \u0914\u0930 ‘\u0938\u092e\u094b\u0936\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930’ \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Pawapuri (Nalanda district, Bihar) is the holiest pilgrimage site for Jains because Mahavira Swami attained Nirvana here in 527 BCE. A special belief is that so much soil was removed during Mahavira’s last rites that a pond was formed there in which ‘Jalmandira’ is built. It is a marble temple situated in the middle of the pond. Pawapuri’s ‘Jalmandira’ and ‘Samosha Ran temple’ are world-famous.”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940? / What role did geographical location play in the success of Magadha Empire?”, “options”: [“\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093f\u0930\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e / Was safe as it was surrounded by mountains”, “\u0932\u094b\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902, \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f, \u0935\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0939\u093e\u0925\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e / Iron mines, fertile land, wild elephants and confluence of rivers”, “\u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0941\u0932\u092d \u0925\u093e / Trade was easy due to proximity to sea”, “\u0938\u0942\u0916\u0947 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0925\u0940 / Army was strong as it was in a dry region”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u094c\u0917\u094b\u0932\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092b\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0925\u0940: (1) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0943\u0939 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093f\u0930\u093e \u0925\u093e – \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e, (2) \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0939\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0941\u0930 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 – \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u092e \u0939\u0925\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947, (3) \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u091c\u093e\u090a \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f – \u0916\u093e\u0926\u094d\u092f \u0906\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f, (4) \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u093e\u0925\u0940 – \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917, (5) \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e, \u0938\u094b\u0928, \u0917\u0902\u0921\u0915 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u092e – \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0928\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0905\u091c\u0947\u092f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092c\u0928 \u0917\u092f\u093e\u0964 / Magadha’s geographical location was the main reason for its success: (1) Rajgriha was surrounded by five hills – natural protection, (2) Abundant iron mines in Bihar – excellent weapons were made, (3) Fertile land of Ganga plains – food supply, (4) Wild elephants in forests – used in war, (5) Confluence of Ganga, Son, Gandak rivers – trade and transport. Due to these reasons Magadha became an invincible empire.”}, {“question”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u091a\u0930 (\u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938) \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0925\u0940? / According to Kautilya’s Arthashastra, what was the role of spies (Guptachar) in the state?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u091c\u0930 \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e / Only to watch foreign enemies”, “\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e / King’s personal security”, “\u0906\u0902\u0924\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e / Gathering internal administration, foreign espionage and sedition information”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u090f\u0915\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e / Only gathering trade information”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u091a\u0930 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u091a\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930: (1) \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e (\u0938\u092e\u0942\u0939 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947), (2) \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930 (\u0905\u0915\u0947\u0932\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947)\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0925\u0947: \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902, \u0938\u0947\u0928\u093e\u092a\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924\u092a\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0938\u0940, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0939 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0936\u0902\u0915\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0942\u091a\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0939\u093e: ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u0906\u0901\u0916\u0947\u0902-\u0915\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924\u091a\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u091a\u093e\u0939\u093f\u090f\u0964’ / In Kautilya’s Arthashastra, the spy system is described as an essential part of state administration. Types of spies: (1) Sanstha (working in groups), (2) Sanchara (working alone). Their functions were: monitoring ministers, commanders and provincial governors, espionage in foreign courts, information about rebellion threats, information about trade routes. Kautilya said: ‘The king should use spies as his eyes and ears.'”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902? / What type of coins were prevalent in Bihar during the Gupta period that symbolize the prosperity of that era?”, “options”: [“\u0938\u0940\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 / Lead coins”, “\u0924\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 / Copper coins”, “\u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 (\u0926\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0930) / Gold coins (Dinar)”, “\u091a\u093e\u0901\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 / Silver coins”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 (\u0926\u0940\u0928\u093e\u0930) \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947 \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947 \u091c\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u0940\u0915 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0938\u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0940\u0923\u093e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f, \u0936\u0947\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092e\u0947\u0927 \u092f\u091c\u094d\u091e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 II \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0927\u0928\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u093f\u0916\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0932\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u093f \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 / Gold coins (Dinar) were prevalent on a large scale in the Gupta period, symbolizing the economic prosperity of that era. Samudragupta’s gold coins show him playing veena, fighting a lion and performing Ashvamedha yajna. Chandragupta II’s coins show him as an archer. These coins are also excellent from an artistic perspective.”}, {“question”: “\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0943\u0939’ (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0940\u0930) \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u093e? / What was the special significance of ‘Rajgriha’ (Rajgir) in ancient Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 / Only a trading center”, “\u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 / First capital of Magadha, sacred site of both Buddhist and Jain religions”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 / Only a military center”, “\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 / Capital of Gupta Empire”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0943\u0939 (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0940\u0930) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u093e: (1) \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0925\u0940 (\u092c\u093f\u092e\u094d\u092c\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902), (2) \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093f (483 BCE) \u0939\u0941\u0908, (3) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0924\u092a\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0926\u093f\u090f, (4) \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0918\u093f\u0930\u0940 \u092f\u0939 \u0918\u093e\u091f\u0940 ‘\u092a\u0902\u091a\u092a\u0939\u093e\u0921\u093c\u0940’ \u0915\u0939\u0932\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, (5) \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e \u091c\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0902\u0921 \u0939\u0948\u0902, (6) \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0942\u092a \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0939\u0948, (7) \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0930\u094b\u092a\u0935\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0964 / Rajgriha (Rajgir) had multidimensional importance in ancient Bihar: (1) It was the first capital of Magadha (during Bimbisara and Ajatashatru), (2) First Buddhist Council (483 BCE) was held here, (3) Mahavira did penance and preached here, (4) This valley surrounded by five hills is called ‘Panchpahadi’, (5) There are hot water springs here, (6) Japanese Peace Pagoda is here, (7) World’s first ropeway was built here.”}, {“question”: “\u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0940 ‘\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f’ (261 BCE) \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u093e \u0924\u0925\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948? / Which fact about Ashoka’s ‘Kalinga conquest’ (261 BCE) is most important?”, “options”: [“\u092f\u0939 \u0909\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u091c\u0940\u0924 \u0925\u0940 / It was his greatest military victory”, “\u0907\u0938 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0926 \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0927\u092e\u094d\u092e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e / After this war Ashoka renounced weapons and adopted Dhamma”, “\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e / Kalinga was part of Bihar”, “\u092f\u0939 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 10 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u091a\u0932\u093e / This war lasted 10 years”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0915\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f (261 BCE) \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u092e\u094b\u0921\u093c \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 1 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0917\u090f, 1.5 \u0932\u093e\u0916 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0932\u093e\u0916\u094b\u0902 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u090f\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092d\u0940\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u0930\u0938\u0902\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0947\u0916 \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0938\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0917 \u0915\u0930 ‘\u0927\u092e\u094d\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u092f’ (\u0939\u0943\u0926\u092f \u0938\u0947 \u091c\u0940\u0924) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0917 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0964 13\u0935\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093e\u0924\u093e\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Kalinga conquest (261 BCE) was the most decisive turning point in Ashoka’s life. In this war, 1 lakh people were killed, 1.5 lakh were taken prisoner and millions were displaced. Seeing this terrible massacre, Ashoka’s heart changed and he renounced war and violence and adopted the path of ‘Dhamma Vijaya’ (victory through heart). In the 13th rock edict, Ashoka has given a detailed account of this remorse.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092c\u094b\u0927\u0917\u092f\u093e’ \u0915\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093e ‘\u092e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930’ \u0915\u092c \u092c\u0928\u093e? / What is the place of ‘Bodh Gaya’ in Buddhism and when was the ‘Mahabodhi Temple’ here built?”, “options”: [“\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, 3\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 BCE / Buddha’s birthplace, 3rd century BCE”, “\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, \u092e\u094c\u091c\u0942\u0926\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 5\u0935\u0940\u0902-6\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e / Buddha’s enlightenment site, present temple built in 5th-6th century CE”, “\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0923 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, 2\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e / Buddha’s Nirvana site, built in 2nd century CE”, “\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0925\u092e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0940\u0924\u093f \u0915\u093e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932, 4\u0925\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u093e / Site of First Buddhist Council, built in 4th century BCE”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092c\u094b\u0927\u0917\u092f\u093e (\u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u0935\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0917\u094c\u0924\u092e \u0915\u094b 528 BCE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0940\u092a\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937 (\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f \u0935\u0943\u0915\u094d\u0937) \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0947 ‘\u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927’ \u092c\u0928\u0947\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0930\u0942\u092a 5\u0935\u0940\u0902-6\u0920\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 CE \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e\u0901\u0915\u093f \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u0935\u093e\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 2002 \u092e\u0947\u0902 UNESCO \u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u094b\u0927\u093f \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0927\u0930\u094b\u0939\u0930 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0918\u094b\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 / Bodh Gaya (Gaya district, Bihar) is the sacred place where Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment under a Peepal tree (Bodhi tree) in 528 BCE and became ‘Buddha’. The present form of Mahabodhi Temple dates from the 5th-6th century CE although Ashoka had built an earlier temple here. In 2002, UNESCO declared the Mahabodhi Temple complex a World Heritage Site.”}, {“question”: “\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u094b ‘\u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926’ \u0915\u0939\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u0940? / Which region of Bihar was called ‘Anga Mahajanapada’ in ancient times and what was its capital?”, “options”: [“\u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 / West Bihar, Pataliputra”, “\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 / North Bihar, Vaishali”, “\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930), \u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e / East Bihar (Bhagalpur region), Champa”, “\u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0943\u0939 / South Bihar, Rajgriha”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0905\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0941\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e (\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f) \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948 – \u0915\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0905\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0936\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0941 \u0928\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0932\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u0915\u094b ‘\u0938\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940’ \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0938\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 / The Anga Mahajanapada was located in eastern Bihar (present Bhagalpur and Munger districts) and its capital was Champa (near present Bhagalpur). Anga was south of the Ganga river. Anga is mentioned in Mahabharata – Karna was the king of Anga. Ajatashatru had merged Anga into Magadha. Currently Bhagalpur is called ‘Silk City’ and is famous for Tussar silk which has been a tradition here since ancient times.”}, {“question”: “16 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947? / How many and which Mahajanapadas were located in Bihar among the 16 Mahajanapadas?”, “options”: [“2 – \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917 / 2 – Magadha and Anga”, “3 – \u092e\u0917\u0927, \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f / 3 – Magadha, Anga and Vajji”, “4 – \u092e\u0917\u0927, \u0905\u0902\u0917, \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0932\u094d\u0932 / 4 – Magadha, Anga, Vajji and Malla”, “5 – \u092e\u0917\u0927, \u0905\u0902\u0917, \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f, \u092e\u0932\u094d\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u0932 / 5 – Magadha, Anga, Vajji, Malla and Kosala”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “16 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u0924\u0903 3 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u091c\u0928\u092a\u0926 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924 \u0925\u0947: (1) \u092e\u0917\u0927 – \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0923 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0943\u0939/\u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940), (2) \u0905\u0902\u0917 – \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u091a\u0902\u092a\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0932\u092a\u0941\u0930), (3) \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f (Vajji) – \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u0932\u093f\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0935\u093f \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f 8 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0918)\u0964 \u092e\u0932\u094d\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0936\u0932 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f \u090f\u0915 \u0917\u0923\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0925\u093e \u091c\u092c\u0915\u093f \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u0947\u0964 / Among the 16 Mahajanapadas, mainly 3 were located in Bihar: (1) Magadha – South Bihar (Rajgriha/Pataliputra capital), (2) Anga – East Bihar (Champa capital, present Bhagalpur), (3) Vajji – North Bihar (Vaishali capital, confederation of Lichchhavi and 8 other clans). Malla was in Uttar Pradesh and Kosala was in Uttar Pradesh. Vajji was a republican confederacy while Magadha and Anga were monarchies.”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937’ \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947? / Who were ‘Adhyakshas’ in the Mauryan period?”, “options”: [“\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 / Military officers”, “\u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937/\u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915 / Heads/controllers of various departments”, “\u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0927\u0940\u0936 / Judges”, “\u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e / Tax collectors”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937’ \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 27 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947: (1) \u092a\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 – \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, (2) \u0938\u0941\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 – \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, (3) \u0915\u0941\u092a\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 – \u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, (4) \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 – \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, (5) \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937 – \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 / In the Mauryan period, ‘Adhyakshas’ were the chief officers of various government departments. Kautilya’s Arthashastra describes more than 27 Adhyakshas such as: (1) Panyadhyaksha – trade officer, (2) Suvarnadhyaksha – gold officer, (3) Kupyadhyaksha – forest resources officer, (4) Sitadhyaksha – agriculture officer, (5) Shulkadhyaksha – customs officer. This system was similar to modern government departments.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u0936\u094b\u0915\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 ‘\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0917\u0902\u091c \u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940’ \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948? / What is the specialty of the ‘Didarganj Yakshi’ from the Ashokan period found in Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u092f\u0939 \u0932\u0915\u0921\u093c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 / It is made of wood”, “\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0932\u0941\u0906 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u091a\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948 / It is an extremely smooth and lustrous statue made of sandstone”, “\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u091f\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 / It is made of clay”, “\u092f\u0939 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948 / It is made of gold”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0917\u0902\u091c \u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940 (\u091a\u093e\u092e\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0923\u0940) \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u0940\u0932\u0947 \u092c\u0932\u0941\u0906 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u091a\u092e\u0915 (Mauryan polish) \u0938\u0947 \u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0941\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 5 \u092b\u0941\u091f 4 \u0907\u0902\u091a \u090a\u0901\u091a\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 3\u0930\u0940-2\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 BCE \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 1917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0940\u0926\u093e\u0930\u0917\u0902\u091c \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u091a\u092e\u0915\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092a\u0949\u0932\u093f\u0936 \u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 \u0936\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Didarganj Yakshi (Chamaradhariini) is the most famous statue in Patna Museum. It is a very beautiful statue made of yellow sandstone with Mauryan polish. It is approximately 5 feet 4 inches tall and dates from the 3rd-2nd century BCE. It was found in 1917 at Didarganj in Patna on the banks of the Ganga river. Its lustrous polish is a characteristic of Mauryan craftsmanship.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940’ \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e? / What was the ancient name of ‘Son river’ in Bihar and what was its significance?”, “options”: [“\u0936\u094b\u0923 / Shona – \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0916\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 / due to gold mines”, “\u0939\u093f\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939 / Hiranyavaha – \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923 / due to gold-colored sand”, “\u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 / Both names are correct”, “\u0938\u0930\u092f\u0942 / Saryu – \u092f\u0939 \u0938\u0930\u092f\u0942 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0925\u0940 / It was the Saryu river”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0928\u093e\u092e ‘\u0939\u093f\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0939’ (\u0938\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940) \u0925\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0947\u0924 \u0938\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0947 ‘\u0936\u094b\u0923’ \u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092e\u0930\u0915\u0902\u091f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0917\u0902\u0917\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u091f\u0932\u093f\u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0907\u0938\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092c\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0928\u0939\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (\u0938\u094b\u0928 \u0928\u0939\u0930) \u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0930\u093e\u092e\u093e\u092f\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916 \u0939\u0948\u0964 / The ancient name of Son river was ‘Hiranyavaha’ (gold carrier) because its sand was gold-colored. It was also called ‘Shona’. This river originates from Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh and meets the Ganga near Patna. In ancient times, Pataliputra was located on the banks of this river. Bihar’s oldest canal system (Son Canal) is built on the Son river. This river is mentioned in Ramayana.”}, {“question”: “\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e’ \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0932\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e? / Who managed administration at the ‘village’ level during the Gupta period?”, “options”: [“\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0915 / Gramika”, “\u092d\u094b\u0917\u092a\u0924\u093f / Bhogapati”, “\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u092a\u0924\u093f / Vishayapati”, “\u0909\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 / Uparika”], “answerIdx”: 0, “explanation”: “\u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e: (1) \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e – \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u094b\u091a\u094d\u091a, (2) \u0909\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 – \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0924 (\u092d\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916, (3) \u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f\u092a\u0924\u093f – \u091c\u093f\u0932\u0947 (\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916, (4) \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0915 – \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916\u0964 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0938\u094d\u0935-\u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0917\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928\u0940\u092f \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u093e\u092f\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0924\u093e \u0926\u0940 \u0917\u0908 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u0902\u091a\u093e\u092f\u0924 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930’ (\u092c\u0921\u093c\u0947-\u092c\u0941\u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0917) \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 / Gupta period administrative structure: (1) Raja – supreme, (2) Uparika – head of province (Bhukti), (3) Vishayapati – head of district (Vishaya), (4) Gramika – head of village. Gramika was the head of local self-governance. During the Gupta period, local bodies were given more autonomy. There was also a panchayat-like system which included ‘Mahattar’ (village elders).”}, {“question”: “\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0918’ \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940-\u091c\u0941\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948? / The structure of ‘Vajji Confederacy’ in ancient Bihar resembles which modern system?”, “options”: [“\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 / Monarchy”, “\u0938\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 / Military rule”, “\u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 / Federal democracy”, “\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e\u0936\u093e\u0939\u0940 / Dictatorship”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0918 (Vajji Confederacy) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0940\u092f \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 (Federal Democracy) \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0924\u0940-\u091c\u0941\u0932\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 8 \u0915\u0941\u0932 (clans) \u0925\u0947: \u0932\u093f\u091a\u094d\u091b\u0935\u093f (\u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940), \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0939 (\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e), \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0924\u0943\u0915, \u0909\u0917\u094d\u0930, \u092d\u094b\u0917, \u0915\u094c\u0930\u0935, \u0910\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0915, \u091a\u0947\u0926\u093f\u0964 \u0938\u092d\u0940 \u0915\u0941\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0938\u092d\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0906\u091c \u0915\u0947 ‘United States’ \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092c\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0907\u0938 \u0917\u0923\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0932\u0947-\u092c\u0922\u093c\u0947\u0964 / The structure of the Vajji Confederacy resembles modern Federal Democracy. It had 8 clans: Lichchhavi (Vaishali), Videha (Mithila), Jnatrika, Ugra, Bhoga, Kaurava, Ikshvaku, Chedi. All clans had a joint Mahasabha. Each clan had its own elected representatives. This system was like today’s ‘United States’. Both Buddha and Mahavira grew up in this republican environment.”}, {“question”: “\u092e\u094c\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0928 ‘\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930’ \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u093e\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094c\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u0925\u0947? / According to Mauryan period ‘Arthashastra’, how many and what were the main sources of state revenue?”, “options”: [“3 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 – \u0915\u0930, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u092f\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0927 / 3 sources – Tax, Trade, War”, “7 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 – \u092d\u093e\u0917, \u092c\u0932\u093f, \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915, \u092d\u093e\u0917\u094d\u092f, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091c\u0940, \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0936\u094d\u0935, \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f / 7 main sources – Bhaga, Bali, Shulka, Bhagya, Vyaji, Parshva, Others”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f \u0915\u0930 / Only land tax”, “4 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 – \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f, \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930, \u0909\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917, \u0916\u0928\u0928 / 4 sources – Land, Trade, Industry, Mining”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0915\u094c\u091f\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924 \u092c\u0924\u093e\u090f \u0917\u090f \u0939\u0948\u0902: (1) \u092d\u093e\u0917 – \u0909\u092a\u091c \u0915\u093e 1/6 \u092d\u093e\u0917, (2) \u092c\u0932\u093f – \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937 \u0905\u0935\u0938\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0930, (3) \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915 – \u0938\u0940\u092e\u093e \u0936\u0941\u0932\u094d\u0915, (4) \u0935\u0923\u093f\u0915\u094d\u092a\u0925 – \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0930, (5) \u0926\u0902\u0921 – \u091c\u0941\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0928\u093e, (6) \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e – \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0916\u0947\u0924\u0940, (7) \u0916\u0928\u093f\u091c – \u0916\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u092f\u0964 \u0907\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0928, \u0935\u0928 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u0923\u093f\u091c\u094d\u092f\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u0925\u0947\u0964 / Kautilya’s Arthashastra mentions many sources of state revenue: (1) Bhaga – 1/6 of produce, (2) Bali – tax on special occasions, (3) Shulka – customs duty, (4) Vanikpatha – tax on traders, (5) Danda – fines, (6) Sita – royal farming, (7) Minerals – income from mines. Besides these, there were also animal husbandry, forest products and commercial taxes.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902? / At which ancient site in Bihar have the most Buddhist statues from the Pala period been found?”, “options”: [“\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0917\u0940\u0930 / Rajgir”, “\u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e / Nalanda”, “\u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0917\u092f\u093e) / Kurkihar (Gaya)”, “\u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 / Vaishali”], “answerIdx”: 2, “explanation”: “\u0915\u0941\u0930\u094d\u0915\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 (\u0917\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930) \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 1930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0941\u0926\u093e\u0908 \u092e\u0947\u0902 200 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u092f \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 9\u0935\u0940\u0902-12\u0935\u0940\u0902 \u0936\u0924\u093e\u092c\u094d\u0926\u0940 CE \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e\u0902\u0938\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0928\u092e\u0942\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0947 \u092e\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u0905\u092c \u092a\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0932\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 / Kurkihar (Gaya district, Bihar) has yielded the most Buddhist and Jain bronze statues from the Pala period. During excavations in 1930, a collection of more than 200 bronze statues was found here. These statues date from the 9th-12th century CE and are excellent examples of Pala period bronze art. These statues are now in Patna Museum and various museums around the world.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e’ \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0925\u093e? / What was the ancient importance of the ‘Mithila’ region in Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0915\u0943\u0937\u093f \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 / Only agricultural region”, “\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940, \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 / Capital of Videha kingdom, kingdom of Janaka and center of Vedic knowledge”, “\u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 / Only trading center”, “\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0917\u092e \u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 / Birthplace of Buddhism”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e (\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930, \u0926\u0930\u092d\u0902\u0917\u093e-\u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930) \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0906\u092f\u093e\u092e\u0940 \u0925\u093e: (1) \u092f\u0939 \u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0927\u093e\u0928\u0940 (\u091c\u0928\u0915\u092a\u0941\u0930) \u0925\u0940 \u091c\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0925\u093e, (2) \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u0940 \u0925\u0947 – \u092f\u093e\u091c\u094d\u091e\u0935\u0932\u094d\u0915\u094d\u092f \u0909\u0928\u0915\u0947 \u0926\u0930\u092c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0925\u0947, (3) \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0928\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0902, (4) \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0909\u092a\u0928\u093f\u0937\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0908, (5) \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u0940\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928\u094d\u092e \u0935\u0948\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 (\u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0941\u0906\u0964 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Mithila (North Bihar, Darbhanga-Madhubani region) had multidimensional ancient importance: (1) It was the capital (Janakpur) of the Videha kingdom ruled by King Janaka, (2) Janaka was a lover of philosophy and knowledge – Yajnavalkya was in his court, (3) Sita was Janaka’s daughter, (4) Upanishads were composed here, (5) Mahavira was born in Vaishali (near Mithilanchal). Mithila’s Madhubani painting is world-famous.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936’ (750-1174 CE) \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940? / When and who established the ‘Pala dynasty’ (750-1174 CE) in Bihar?”, “options”: [“\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 770 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 / Dharmapala in 770 CE”, “\u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 750 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 / Gopala in 750 CE”, “\u0926\u0947\u0935\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 810 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 / Devapala in 810 CE”, “\u092e\u0939\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 988 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 / Mahipala in 988 CE”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0917\u094b\u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947 750 CE \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u091c\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u092e\u092f \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0925\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0935\u0902\u0936 \u0928\u0947 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0932 \u092a\u0930 \u0932\u0917\u092d\u0917 400 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u094b\u0902 \u0924\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u0915 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0915 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u094b\u0902\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u0932\u0902\u0926\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0936\u093f\u0932\u093e, \u0913\u0926\u0902\u0924\u092a\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0964 \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u093e\u0932 (770-810 CE) \u0938\u092c\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0932 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 / The Pala dynasty was established by Gopala in 750 CE. He was the first king elected by the people because there was anarchy in Bengal and Bihar at that time. The Pala dynasty ruled over Bihar and Bengal for nearly 400 years. Pala rulers were great patrons of Buddhism. They supported great Buddhist universities like Nalanda, Vikramshila, Odantapuri. Dharmapala (770-810 CE) was the most powerful Pala king.”}, {“question”: “\u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 ‘\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924’ \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0925\u093e? / What was the significance of the ‘Tirhut’ region in Bihar in ancient times?”, “options”: [“\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u0917\u0927 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e / It was the center of Magadha Empire”, “\u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e/\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e / It was part of Mithila/Videha kingdom and a center of education”, “\u092f\u0939 \u0905\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e / It was part of Anga kingdom”, “\u092f\u0939 \u0935\u091c\u094d\u091c\u093f \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e / It was the center of Vajji confederacy”], “answerIdx”: 1, “explanation”: “\u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 (\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0924) \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0939 \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0930\u092d\u0902\u0917\u093e, \u092e\u0941\u091c\u092b\u094d\u092b\u0930\u092a\u0941\u0930, \u0938\u0940\u0924\u093e\u092e\u0922\u093c\u0940, \u092e\u0927\u0941\u092c\u0928\u0940, \u0936\u093f\u0935\u0939\u0930, \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0940\u092a\u0941\u0930 \u091c\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u0940\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092f\u0939 \u092e\u093f\u0925\u093f\u0932\u093e/\u0935\u093f\u0926\u0947\u0939 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0915\u093e \u0939\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0938\u093e \u0925\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u0908 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0928\u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 (\u0917\u0902\u0921\u0915, \u092c\u093e\u0917\u092e\u0924\u0940, \u0915\u092e\u0932\u093e, \u0915\u094b\u0938\u0940) \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u093e\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093f\u0930\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092d\u0940 \u0930\u0939\u093e\u0964 \u0906\u091c \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964 / Tirhut (Trisrota) region is the part of North Bihar which is currently in Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Sheohar, Samastipur districts. In ancient times it was part of the Mithila/Videha kingdom and a major center of Vedic education. Several important rivers (Gandak, Bagmati, Kamala, Kosi) flow through here. In medieval times, Tirhut was also an independent state. Today it is a Division of Bihar.”}];{“@context”: “https://schema.org”, “@graph”: [{“@type”: “Quiz”, “name”: “Ancient History Mock Test”, “description”: “Take this free Ancient History mock test with 25 MCQs and detailed answers.”, “about”: {“@type”: “Thing”, “name”: “Ancient History”}, “educationalLevel”: “Intermediate”, “educationalUse”: “Mock Test”, “learningResourceType”: “Quiz”, “inLanguage”: “hi-IN”, “isAccessibleForFree”: true, “author”: {“@type”: “Organization”, “name”: “StudyHUB”, “url”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}, “publisher”: {“@type”: “Organization”, “name”: “StudyHUB”, “url”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}}, {“@type”: “BreadcrumbList”, “itemListElement”: [{“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 1, “name”: “Home”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in”}, {“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 2, “name”: “Quizzes”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in/quiz/”}, {“@type”: “ListItem”, “position”: 3, “name”: “Ancient History”, “item”: “https://studyhub.net.in/quiz/ancient-history/”}]}]}No schema found.