What is Article 225 of Indian Constitution – Defination & Meaning

Article 225: Jurisdiction of existing High Courts Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate
📅 Part VI – The States
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Article Number

225

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Part VI – The States

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Bare Acts Text

Article 225: Jurisdiction of existing High Courts

  • Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the provisions of any law of the appropriate Legislature made by virtue of powers conferred on that Legislature by this Constitution, the jurisdiction of, and the law administered in, any existing High Court, and the respective powers of the Judges thereof in relation to the administration of justice in the Court, including any power to make rules of Court and to regulate the sittings of the Court and of members thereof sitting alone or in Division Courts, shall be the same as immediately before the commencement of this Constitution:
  • Provided that any restriction to which the exercise of original jurisdiction by any of the High Courts with respect to any matter concerning the revenue or concerning any act ordered or done in the collection thereof was subject immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall no longer apply to the exercise of such jurisdiction.
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Full Definition & Explanation

Article 225 of the Indian Constitution outlines the jurisdiction of existing High Courts. It states that the powers and laws administered by these High Courts will remain unchanged from what they were before the Constitution came into effect. This means that the existing judicial framework, including the roles and responsibilities of judges, continues without interruption. It provides a sense of stability in the justice system as the Constitution was introduced, ensuring that ongoing cases and judicial processes were not disrupted. This article specifically impacts the High Courts that were already established before the Constitution was adopted in 1950. The judges of these courts retain their authority as per the laws that were in place prior to this major change in governance. Also, it allows these courts to create their own rules and manage their proceedings, including the way judges sit and hear cases. This autonomy is key for the effective administration of justice. An key aspect of Article 225 is the provision that any restrictions on original jurisdiction concerning revenue matters that existed prior to the Constitution no longer apply. This change enhances the powers of High Courts in handling cases related to revenue, allowing them to address such matters without previous limitations. Overall, Article 225 serves to maintain continuity in the legal system while empowering High Courts to function more effectively in the context of the new constitutional framework.

Historical Context

It states that the powers and laws administered by these High Courts will remain unchanged from what they were before the Constitution came into effect. This means that the existing judicial framework, including the roles and responsibilities of judges, continues without interruption. It provides a sense of stability in the justice system as the Constitution was introduced, ensuring that ongoing cases and judicial processes were not disrupted. This article specifically impacts the High Courts that were already established before the Constitution was adopted in 1950.

Key Features

– It maintains the jurisdiction of existing High Courts as of January 26, 1950.
– Judges have the power to create rules and regulate court proceedings.
– Restrictions on revenue jurisdiction before the Constitution no longer apply.
– It ensures the continuity of judicial processes during constitutional changes.
– The article applies only to High Courts established prior to the Constitution.

Importance & Impact

– High Courts can operate with the same jurisdiction as before the Constitution.
– Judges have authority to make rules for court management and proceedings.
– Revenue-related jurisdiction is now unrestricted for these High Courts
– This article provides stability during the transition to constitutional governance.
– Existing judicial practices remain unchanged, ensuring legal consistency

Sample UPSC Question

Consider the following statements regarding Article 225 of the Indian Constitution: 1. It allows existing High Courts to maintain their jurisdiction as before 1950. 2. Judges can create rules for court management under this article. 3. Revenue jurisdiction restrictions continue for High Courts. Which of the statements is/are correct? A) 1 and 2 only B) 1 and 3 only C) 2 and 3 only D) 1, 2 and 3

Answer

The correct answer is A) 1 and 2 only. Article 225 allows existing High Courts to keep their jurisdiction as it was before 1950 and grants judges the power to create court rules. However, it removes restrictions on revenue jurisdiction, making statement 3 incorrect.

Key Takeaways

✓ Article 225 keeps High Courts’ jurisdictions intact from 1950.
✓ Judges can set rules for court and proceedings.
✓ No restrictions exist on revenue jurisdiction anymore
✓ It ensures judicial stability during constitutional changes
✓ Existing judicial practices are maintained under this article.

FAQs

Article 225 of the Indian Constitution outlines the jurisdiction of existing High Courts. It states that the powers and laws administered by these High Courts will remain unchanged from what they were before the Constitution came into effect. This means that the existing judicial framework, including the roles and responsibilities of judges, continues without interruption.

The judges of these courts retain their authority as per the laws that were in place prior to this major change in governance. Also, it allows these courts to create their own rules and manage their proceedings, including the way judges sit and hear cases. This autonomy is key for the effective administration of justice.

An key aspect of Article 225 is the provision that any restrictions on original jurisdiction concerning revenue matters that existed prior to the Constitution no longer apply. This change enhances the powers of High Courts in handling cases related to revenue, allowing them to address such matters without previous limitations. Overall, Article 225 serves to maintain continuity in the legal system while empowering High Courts to function more effectively in the context of the new constitutional framework.

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Editor-in-Chief Pramod

Pramod is the Founder and Editor-in-Chief of StudyHub. He holds a Master's degree and is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in Geology, alongside more than 7+ years spent building and verifying competitive exam content for Indian aspirants. He leads StudyHub's editorial process across Indian Polity, the Constitution, Indian Economy, History, Geography, Science, and the platform's other subject areas — checking every article against primary sources (bare act text and Gazette notifications for constitutional topics, government and Economic Survey data for economy content, standard reference material elsewhere) and flagging it for re-verification whenever a relevant amendment, policy, or data update makes an earlier version outdated.
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