What is Article 87 of Indian Constitution – Defination & Meaning
Article 87: Special address by the President (1) At the commencement of the first session after each general election to the House of the People and at the
📚 UPSC Relevant
Article 346 of the Indian Constitution outlines the official language for communication between different states and between states and the Union government. This article primarily affects the administrative and governmental functions, ensuring that there’s a standard language for official communication. It helps maintain clarity and coherence in interactions, especially in a diverse country like India where multiple languages are spoken. The article states that the language authorized for use in the Union for official purposes will also be used for communication between states. This is key for effective governance and administrative efficiency.
There is a provision in Article 346 that allows states to agree on using Hindi as the official language for communication between them. This means that if states find it convenient, they can opt for Hindi, which can promote unity and ease of communication. However, this provision also raises questions about linguistic diversity and the rights of non-Hindi speaking populations. States must make decisions considering the linguistic demographics and preferences of their citizens. This flexibility is key in a multilingual society like India.
The practical impact of Article 346 can be seen in various aspects of governance, from inter-state meetings to official documentation. It fosters a sense of cooperation among states. When states communicate effectively, it can lead to better resource sharing and collaborative projects. This article also plays a role in language policy formulation at the national level, contributing to discussions about linguistic identity and regional pride within the framework of the Indian Union.
Article 346 was included in the Constitution of India when it was adopted in 1950. During the Constituent Assembly debates, the need for a common language for official communication was recognized, especially given India’s linguistic diversity. The framers aimed to unify the nation while respecting regional languages. The article has been interpreted in various Supreme Court cases, clarifying its application in inter-state communication. Notable cases have highlighted the importance of language in promoting unity while respecting regional identities. There have been no amendments to this article, reflecting a consensus on its necessity. This historical evolution demonstrates the responsive nature of the constitutional framework in addressing the nation’s changing needs over time.
Consider the following statements regarding Article 346 of the Indian Constitution: 1. It specifies the official language for communication between states. 2. States can mutually decide to use any language for official communication. 3. It is part of Part XII of the Constitution. Which of the following statements is/are correct? A) Only 1 B) Only 1 and 3 C) Only 2 and 3 D) All of the above. Analyze the implications of these statements on inter-state communication and governance.? Which of the statements given above are correct in the context of the federal structure of India?
The correct answer is B) Only 1 and 3. Article 346 specifies the official language for inter-state communication and is part of Part XII. However, states can only agree to use Hindi, not any language at their discretion, which disqualifies option C. Understanding these details is helpful for analyzing how the constitution balances power and state responsibilities.
Article 346 establishes the official language for communication between states and the Union. It ensures clarity in administrative functions at inter-state levels. This helps improve cooperation and governance across India’s diverse linguistic landscape, facilitating smoother interactions among states. These rules help maintain a consistent and fair approach to public administration and governance across the country.
No, states can only agree to use Hindi for communication. This provision encourages a common language while respecting regional languages. It aims to simplify inter-state communication, making it more efficient and understandable for all parties involved. These rules help maintain a consistent and fair approach to public administration and governance across the country.
Yes, Article 346 applies to all states in India. It facilitates communication between states and the Union government, ensuring that all states can engage effectively. This is key for maintaining effective governance across the country’s diverse linguistic environment. These rules help maintain a consistent and fair approach to public administration and governance across the country.
Article 87: Special address by the President (1) At the commencement of the first session after each general election to the House of the People and at the
Article 88: Rights of Ministers and Attorney-General as respects Houses Every Minister and the Attorney-General of India shall have the right to speak in, and
Article 85: Sessions of Parliament, prorogation and dissolution (1) The President shall from time to time summon each House of Parliament to meet at such time
Article 86: Right of President to address and send messages to Houses (1) The President may address either House of Parliament or both Houses assembled
Article 83: Duration of Houses of Parliament (1) The Council of States shall not be subject to dissolution, but as nearly as possible one-third of the members
Article 84: Qualification for membership of Parliament A person shall not be qualified to be chosen to fill a seat in Parliament unless he— (a) is a citizen
Article 81: Composition of the House of the People (1) Subject to the provisions of article 331, the House of the People shall consist of— (a) not more than
Article 82: Readjustment after each census Upon the completion of each census, the allocation of seats in the House of the People to the States and the
Article 79: Constitution of Parliament There shall be a Parliament for the Union which shall consist of the President and two Houses to be known respectively
Article 80: Composition of the Council of States (1) The Council of States shall consist of— (a) twelve members to be nominated by the President in accordance
Article 77: Conduct of business of the Government of India (1) All executive action of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of
Article 78: Duties of Prime Minister as respects the furnishing of information to the President, etc It shall be the duty of the Prime Minister— (a) to
Article 75: Other provisions as to Ministers (1) The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the
Article 76: Attorney-General for India (1) The President shall appoint a person who is qualified to be appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court to be
Article 73: Extent of executive power of the Union (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the executive power of the Union shall extend— (a) to
Article 74: Council of Ministers to aid and advise President (1) There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Prime Minister at the head to aid and advise
Article 71: Matters relating to, or connected with, the election of a President or Vice-President (1) All doubts and disputes arising out of or in connection
Article 72: Power of President to grant pardons, etc., and to suspend, remit or commute sentences in certain cases (1) The President shall have the power to
Article 69: Oath or affirmation by the Vice-President Every Vice-President shall, before entering upon his office, make and subscribe before the President, or
Article 70: Discharge of President’s functions in other contingencies Parliament may make such provisions as it thinks fit for the discharge of the functions
Article 67: Term of office of Vice-President The Vice-President shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office:
Article 68: Time of holding election to fill vacancy in the office of Vice-President and the term of office of person elected to fill casual vacancy (1) An
Article 65: The Vice-President to act as President or to discharge his functions during casual vacancies in the office, or during the absence, of President
Explanation.—For the purposes of this article, a person shall not be deemed to hold any office of profit by reason only that he is the President or
Article 63: The Vice-President of India There shall be a Vice-President of India.
Article 64: The Vice-President to be ex officio Chairman of the Council of States The Vice-President shall be ex officio Chairman of the Council of
Article 61:Procedure for impeachment of the President (1) When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred
(1) An election to fill a vacancy caused by the expiration of the term of office of President shall be completed before the expiration of the term.
Article 59: Conditions of President’s office (1) The President shall not be a member of either House of Parliament or of a House of the Legislature of any
Article 60: Oath or affirmation by the President Every President and every person acting as President or discharging the functions of the President shall,
Article 57: Eligibility for re-election A person who holds, or who has held, office as President shall, subject to the other provisions of this Constitution,
Explanation.—For the purposes of this article, a person shall not be deemed to hold any office of profit by reason only that he is the President or
Explanation.—In this article, the expression “population” means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have
Article 56: Term of office of President (1) The President shall hold office for a term of five years from the date on which he enters upon his office:
Article 53: Executive Power of the Union (1) The executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly
Explanation.—In this article and in article 55, “State” includes the National Capital Territory of Delhi and the Union territory of Puducherry.
Article 51A: Fundamental duties It shall be the duty of every citizen of India— (a) to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the
Article 52: The President of India There shall be a President of India.
Article 50: Separation of judiciary from executive The State shall take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State.
Article 51: Promotion of international peace and security The State shall endeavour to— (a) promote international peace and security; (b) maintain just and
Article 48A: Protection and improvement of environment and safeguarding of forests and wild life The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the
Article 49: Protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance It shall be the obligation of the State to protect every monument or place
Article 47: Duty of the State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to improve public health The State shall regard the raising of
Article 48: Organisation of agriculture and animal husbandry The State shall endeavour to organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific
Article 45: Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years The State shall endeavour to provide early childhood care
Article 46: Promotion of educational and economic interests of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and other weaker sections The State shall promote with
Article 43B: Promotion of co-operative societies The State shall endeavour to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control and
Article 44: Uniform civil code for the citizens The State shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India.
Article 43: Living wage, etc., for workers The State shall endeavour to secure, by suitable legislation or economic organisation or in any other way, to all
Article 43A: Participation of workers in management of industries The State shall take steps, by suitable legislation or in any other way, to secure the